Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Industri Kelapa Sawit dalam Remediasi Tanah Marginal melalui Kajian Agronomis dan Sosial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/ryc6vd45Keywords:
Lahan Marginal, Limbah Kelapa Sawit, Bahan Organik, Perbaikan Tanah, Persepsi MasyarakatAbstract
Lahan marginal memiliki keterbatasan dalam mendukung produktivitas pertanian karena keasaman tanah yang tinggi, rendahnya kandungan bahan organik, dan kapasitas tukar kation yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas empat jenis limbah padat dari pengolahan kelapa sawit yaitu tandan kosong sawit, abu janjang, lumpur decanter, dan serat serta cangkang sawit dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik dan kimia tanah marginal serta menilai persepsi masyarakat terhadap penggunaannya. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Limbah diaplikasikan ke dalam tanah dengan dosis lima persen dari bobot kering dan diinkubasi selama enam puluh hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh perlakuan memberikan perbaikan signifikan terhadap parameter tanah. Tandan kosong sawit meningkatkan kadar karbon organik dari nol koma delapan lima persen menjadi dua koma sembilan persen dan kapasitas tukar kation dari delapan koma lima menjadi dua puluh empat koma tiga miliekuivalen per seratus gram. Serat dan cangkang sawit meningkatkan karbon organik menjadi dua koma tujuh persen dan kapasitas tukar kation menjadi dua puluh tiga koma nol. Abu janjang efektif dalam menaikkan pH tanah dari empat koma lima menjadi tujuh koma lima dan menghasilkan kandungan fosfor dan kalium tersedia tertinggi. Lumpur decanter memberikan kontribusi terhadap peningkatan kelembaban dan kandungan unsur mikro. Persepsi masyarakat terhadap tandan kosong sawit dan serat tergolong tinggi, sementara terhadap abu janjang dan lumpur decanter berada pada tingkat sedang. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa limbah padat kelapa sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan perbaikan tanah marginal secara berkelanjutan.
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