Instrumen Hukum Tanggung Jawab Negara Terhadap Kesehatan Lingkungan Sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/mc1m6q51Keywords:
State Responsibility; Environmental Health; Human Rights; Strict LiabilityAbstract
This study aims to analyze the legal instruments regulating state responsibility toward environmental health as a fundamental human right and to evaluate the implementation of strict liability principles within the Indonesian legal framework. Main Problem: Despite the constitutional guarantee under Article 28H Paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, a significant gap persists between legal ideals and the reality of environmental degradation, often exacerbated by economic exploitation and suboptimal state supervision. Method: This study employs a normative legal research method with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, utilizing qualitative-prescriptive analysis on primary and secondary legal materials. Findings: The findings reveal that while Indonesia has established an integrated legal framework—comprising human rights law, environmental management law, and the latest healthcare regulations—state enforcement remains sub-optimal. This issue is particularly evident in regional autonomy, where a conflict of interest often arises between regional economic revenue and environmental protection. Furthermore, the application of strict liability has not been consistently integrated into administrative supervisory functions to prevent corporate pollution. Conclusion: To fully fulfill its constitutional obligation to protect and fulfill the right to a healthy environment, the state must shift from a reactive stance to a proactive approach by strengthening preventive instruments and strictly enforcing administrative sanctions.
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Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 Amandemen Keempat.
Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974, Lembaran Negara Tahun 1974 Nomor 1, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 3019 Tentang Perkawinan
Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999, Lembaran Negara Tahun 1999 Nomor 165, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 3886 Tentang Hak Asasi Manusia.
Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009, Lembaran Negara Tahun 2009 Nomor 140, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 5059 Tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.
Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023, Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2023 Nomor 41, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 6841 tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 tentang Cipta Kerja
Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023, Lembaran Negara Tahun 2023 Nomor 105, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 6887 Tentang Kesehatan.
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