Determinan Entrepreneurial Commitment: Peran Perceived University Support, Self-Efficacy, dan Social Support terhadap Entrepreneurial Intention Mahasiswa PMW UNJ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/qzhjmp59Keywords:
Entrepreneurial Commitment; Entrepreneurial Intention; Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy; Perceived University Support; Social SupportAbstract
This study examines the influence of perceived university support, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and social support on entrepreneurial intention, and the subsequent effect of entrepreneurial intention on entrepreneurial commitment among students funded through the Student Entrepreneurship Program (PMW) at Universitas Negeri Jakarta (UNJ). The study responds to a field finding that 63% of funded student businesses discontinued after the funding period ended, indicating that entrepreneurial commitment has not been optimal. Using an associative quantitative design, data were collected from 160 PMW UNJ participants from the 2024 and 2025 cohorts, selected through proportional random sampling, and analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that perceived university support has no significant effect on entrepreneurial intention, whereas entrepreneurial self-efficacy and social support both have positive and significant effects, with self-efficacy as the strongest predictor. Entrepreneurial intention, in turn, has a strong positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial commitment. The model explains 29.0% of the variance in entrepreneurial intention and 59.6% of the variance in entrepreneurial commitment, with an overall large model fit. These findings suggest that PMW UNJ should strengthen self-funding training, personalized mentoring, and post-funding incubation to sustain student business commitment
References
Alfianti, R., Mulyono, K. B., & Nurhidayati, F. (2021). Perceived University Support: How Does It Build the Entrepreneurial Intention? A Case from Indonesia. Proceedings of the International Conference on Strategic Issues of Economics, Business and, Education (ICoSIEBE 2020).
Anugraheni, T. D., Izzah, L., & Hadi, M. S. (2023). Increasing the Students' Speaking Ability through Role-Playing with Slovin's Formula Sample Size. Jurnal Studi Guru Dan Pembelajaran, 6(3), 262–272. https://doi.org/10.30605/jsgp.6.3.2023.2825
Azzahra, A., Savandha, S. D., Bharoto, R. M. H., & Kevin, N. H. (2024). The Impact of High Job Qualification Standards on Unemployment Rates Among Fresh Graduates in Indonesia. Journal Transnational Universal Studies, 2(4), 244–255. https://doi.org/10.58631/jtus.v2i4.109
Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia. (2025). Keadaan Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia November 2025. https://www.bps.go.id/id/infographic?id=1220
Chen, H. X. (2024). Exploring the Influence of Proactive Personality on Entrepreneurial Intention: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Attitude and Moderating Effect of Perceived Educational Support Among University Students. SAGE Open, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241233379
Doan Thi Thanh, T., & Le Hoai, V. (2023). Self-Efficacy to Entrepreneurship Intention: Role of Entrepreneurial Passion and Role Models. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research, 10(7), 1037–1047. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v10i7.1412
Dwi Lestari, E., Rizkalla, N., & Purnamaningsih, P. (2022). The Effect of Perceived University Support, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Proactive Personality in Promoting Student Entrepreneurial Intention in Indonesia. Journal of Management and Business Education, 5(2), 169–197. https://doi.org/10.35564/jmbe.2022.0011
Gao, S., & Zhao, G. (2026). How Social Support Shapes Entrepreneurial Intentions: Sequential Gains in Self-Efficacy and Attitude. Frontiers in Psychology, 17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1764921
Global Entrepreneurship Monitoring. (2024). GEM 2023/2024 Global Report.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Hossain, M. U., Arefin, M. S., & Yukongdi, V. (2024). Personality Traits, Social Self-Efficacy, Social Support, and Social Entrepreneurial Intention: The Moderating Role of Gender. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 15(1), 119–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2021.1936614
Hutabarat, Z., & Angelita, E. (2025, December 10). The Influence of Entrepreneurial Intention, Entrepreneurial Commitment, Family Support, on Entrepreneurial Behavior to Students in Bandung. Proceedings of the International Conference on Entrepreneurship (IConEnt).
Ilevbare, F. M., Ilevbare, O. E., Adelowo, C. M., & Oshorenua, F. P. (2022). Social support and risk-taking propensity as predictors of entrepreneurial intention among undergraduates in Nigeria. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 16(2), 90–107. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-02-2022-0010
Indahsari, L., & Puspitowati, I. (2021). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan Dan Efikasi Diri. Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan, III, 267–276.
Ip, C. Y. (2024). Effect of digital literacy on social entrepreneurial intentions and nascent behaviours among students and practitioners in mass communication. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02587-w
Kamar Dagang dan Industri Indonesia. (2024). Data dan Statistik UMKM Indonesia. https://kadin.id/data-dan-statistik/umkm-indonesia/
Khayru, R. K., Nichen, N., Chairunnas, A., Safaruddin, S., & Tahir, M. (2021). Study on The Relationship Between Social Support and Entrepreneurship Intention Experienced by Adolescents. Journal of Social Science Studies (JOS3), 1(2), 47–51. https://doi.org/10.56348/jos3.v1i2.14
Lestari, E. D., Rizkalla, N., & Purnamaningsih, P. (2022). The Effect of Perceived University Support, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Proactive Personality in Promoting Student Entrepreneurial Intention in Indonesia. Journal of Management and Business Education, 5(2), 169–197. https://doi.org/10.35564/jmbe.2022.0011
Maheshwari, G., Kha, K. L., & Arokiasamy, A. R. A. (2023). Factors affecting students' entrepreneurial intentions: a systematic review (2005–2022) for future directions in theory and practice. Management Review Quarterly, 73(4), 1903–1970. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-022-00289-2
Makai, A. L., & Dory, T. (2023). Perceived university support and environment as a factor of entrepreneurial intention: Evidence from Western Transdanubia Region. PLoS ONE, 18(6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283850
Manilang, E., Desi, E. N., & Belo, Y. (2024). Inovasi dan Kreativitas: Pilar Utama dalam Kewirausahaan. Nian Tana Sikka: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa, 3(1), 82–92. https://doi.org/10.59603/niantanasikka.v3i1.609
Martins, J. M., Shahzad, M. F., & Xu, S. (2023). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intention to initiate new ventures: evidence from university students. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00333-9
Maydiantoro, A., Ridwan, R., Tusianah, R., Rachman, A., Kesuma, P., Isnainy, U. C. A. S., & Zainaro, M. A. (2021). Entrepreneurship in Higher Education Curricula: Evidence from Indonesia. Psychology and Education, 58(3), 936–949.
Mei, H., Ma, Z., Zhan, Z., Ning, W., Zuo, H., Wang, J., & Huang, Y. (2022). University Students' Successive Development From Entrepreneurial Intention to Behavior: The Mediating Role of Commitment and Moderating Role of Family Support. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.859210
Nasri, W., & Morched, S. (2023). Entrepreneurial Intentions: The Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy in Perspective of Theory of Planned Behaviour. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 26(1S), 1–11.
Neneh, B. N., & Dzomonda, O. (2024). Transitioning from entrepreneurial intention to actual behaviour: The role of commitment and locus of control. International Journal of Management Education, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.100964
Osadolor, V., Emmanuel Agbaeze, K., Emmanuel Isichei, E., & Taiwo Olabosinde, S. (2021). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention: The mediating role of the need for independence. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 17(4), 91–119. https://doi.org/10.7341/20211744
Rumangkit, S., Hadi, A. S., Sentosa, I., & Abwahid, R. (2026). The determinants of Indonesian student's intention and commitment to entrepreneurship: A multilevel study. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2026041
Saeed, S., Yousafzai, S. Y., Yani-De-Soriano, M., & Muffatto, M. (2015). The Role of Perceived University Support in the Formation of Students' Entrepreneurial Intention. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), 1127–1145. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12090
Safitri, R. D., & Rezza, M. (2025). Analyzing the High Open Unemployment Rate Among Gen Z in Indonesia. JIIC: Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendekia, 2.
Sahid, S., Norhisham, N. S., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2024). Interconnectedness between entrepreneurial self-efficacy, attitude, and business creation: A serial mediation of entrepreneurial intention and environmental factor. Heliyon, 10(9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30478
Sampene, A. K., Li, C., Khan, A., Agyeman, F. O., & Opoku, R. K. (2023). Yes! I want to be an entrepreneur: A study on university students' entrepreneurship intentions through the theory of planned behavior. Current Psychology, 42(25), 21578–21596. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03161-4
Shi, L., Yao, X., & Wu, W. (2020). Perceived university support, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, heterogeneous entrepreneurial intentions in entrepreneurship education: The moderating role of the Chinese sense of face. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 12(2), 205–230. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-04-2019-0040
Si, W., Yan, Q., Wang, W., Meng, L., & Zhang, M. (2022). Research on the Influence of Non-Cognitive Ability and Social Support Perception on College Students' Entrepreneurial Intention. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911981
Subhaktiyasa, P. G. (2024). PLS-SEM for Multivariate Analysis: A Practical Guide to Educational Research using SmartPLS. EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation, 4(3), 353–365. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.eduline2861
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (19th ed.). Penerbit Alfabeta.
Sulaeman, A., & Kurniawati, S. S. (2023). The Effect Of Sustainable Commitment And Sustainable Competencies On Business Sustainability. Jurnal Economia, 19(2), 206–220. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v19i2.57895
Sutarlin, D. M. (2025). Kewirausahaan Sebagai Solusi Pengangguran Di Indonesia. Pediaqu: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Dan Humaniora, 4, 4016–4020. https://publisherqu.com/index.php/pediaqu/article/view/2139
Su, Y., Zhu, Z., Chen, J., Jin, Y., Wang, T., Lin, C. L., & Xu, D. (2021). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intention of university students in china: Integrating the perceived university support and theory of planned behavior. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084519
Ye, L., Zhang, T., Zhang, Q., & Mi, Z. (2025). University Support for Student Entrepreneurship in China: Developing Entrepreneurial Capacity and Intentions. SAGE Open, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251337840
Ye, Z. M., & Kang, K. W. (2025). The Impact of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurship on Entrepreneurial Intention: Entrepreneurial Attitude as a Mediator and Entrepreneurship Education Having a Moderate Effect. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104733
Yohana, C. (2021). Recognition of entrepreneurship program in independent campus policies: Indonesian case. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 11(4), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2021-0075
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ridwan Tamim Ismail, Annisa Lutfia, Rizka Zakiah (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
