Pertanggungjawaban Negara atas Ketidaksesuaian Data dalam Sertipikat Elektronik

Abstract

Digital transformation in land registration has introduced electronic land certificates as part of the modernization of land administration in Indonesia. However, the implementation of electronic land certificates continues to raise legal issues, particularly when discrepancies arise between physical data, juridical data, and information stored within the electronic land administration system. Such discrepancies may create legal uncertainty and cause losses to land-right holders. This study aims to analyze the legal status of electronic land certificates within the land registration system and to examine the forms of state responsibility for data discrepancies in electronic land certificates. This research employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that electronic land certificates have legal standing as strong evidence of land rights, provided that the information contained therein corresponds with valid physical and juridical data. As the authority responsible for administering land registration, the state is obligated to ensure the accuracy, authenticity, integrity, and security of land data. Where data discrepancies result from administrative errors, validation failures, recording inaccuracies, or deficiencies in the management of electronic systems by land administration authorities, the state must provide legal protection through administrative correction mechanisms, restoration of rights, and appropriate forms of accountability for losses suffered by land-right holders.