Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Overclaim Produk Skincare di Era Digital: Tinjauan Etika Bisnis dan Hukum Positif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/2cry9898Keywords:
Overclaim; Business Ethics; Consumer ProtectionAbstract
The rapid growth of the skincare industry in Indonesia has contributed to the increasing prevalence of overclaim practices, namely exaggerated claims about product benefits that lack scientific justification. The rise of digital media has further amplified this issue, as promotional content can now spread rapidly and on a massive scale. This study aims to examine the consumer protection mechanisms against overclaims in skincare products through a normative approach that combines the analysis of positive law with the principles of business ethics. Employing a qualitative method based on literature review, the findings reveal that overclaim practices not only violate existing consumer protection regulations but also neglect the moral obligations of businesses to uphold transparency and honesty. The study highlights the need to strengthen regulations on digital advertising, clarify the legal responsibilities of influencers, and promote continuous education to foster ethical business conduct and critical consumer awareness.
References
Crane, A., & Matten, D. (2016). Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Eva, M. S. (2023). Penerapan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap iklan produk kecantikan menyesatkan di media sosial. Jurnal Hukum dan Komunikasi Digital, 5(1), 87–103.
Indonesian Food and Drug Authority. (2021). Peraturan BPOM No. 32 Tahun 2021 tentang perubahan atas Peraturan BPOM No. 25 Tahun 2020 tentang persyaratan teknis kosmetika. BPOM.
Indonesian Food and Drug Authority. (2022). Peraturan BPOM No. 3 Tahun 2022 tentang persyaratan teknis klaim kosmetika. BPOM.
Kementerian Hukum dan HAM Republik Indonesia. (1999). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Sekretariat Negara.
Keraf, S. B. (2010). Etika bisnis: Tuntutan dan relevansinya. Kanisius.
Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing management (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Kuncoro, H., & Syamsudin, R. (2023). Perlindungan hukum terhadap praktik overclaim produk skincare di media digital. Jurnal Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen, 4(2), 101–117. https://doi.org/10.5281/jhpk.v4i2.2023
Lervony, F. (2019). Perlindungan konsumen terhadap produk kosmetik ilegal yang dipromosikan selebgram [Tesis, Universitas Airlangga]. Repositori Universitas Airlangga.
Ngabito, F. A. (2024). Pertanggungjawaban hukum pelaku usaha dan influencer terhadap overclaim produk kecantikan di media sosial. Jurnal Hukum Digital dan Inovasi Sosial, 6(1), 44–59. https://doi.org/10.54021/jhdis.v6i1.2024
Resti, D. R., Kasim, A., & Wantu, F. M. (2023). Analisis hukum terhadap influencer dalam periklanan digital kosmetik di Indonesia. Jurnal Perlindungan Konsumen, 5(2), 123–137.
Sarah, E. M., & Amanda, N. (2022). Literasi konsumen terhadap promosi kosmetik digital di media sosial. Jurnal Komunikasi dan Media Digital, 4(1), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.25077/jkmd.4.1.2022.55-67
Sipahutar, P. R., Nababan, R., & Simamora, S. F. T. (2025). Legal responsibility of skincare companies for overclaim based marketing strategies. Journal of Legal & Cultural Analytics, 4(1), 489–500.
Soekanto, S. (2008). Pokok-pokok hukum perdata (Edisi baru). Rajawali Pers.
Tampubolon, P. M., Esther, J., & Siregar, R. J. (2025). Legal protection for consumers for excessive claims in skincare product contents. Journal of Legal & Cultural Analytics, 4(1), 119–128.
Wignjosoebroto, S. (2002). Hukum: Paradigma, metode, dan dinamika masalahnya. ELSAM.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2020). Good practices for online advertising disclosure. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/0531f264-en
Yayasan Lembaga Konsumen Indonesia. (2022). Pedoman perlindungan konsumen di era digital: Tantangan dan strategi hukum. YLKI Press. https://repository.unkris.ac.id/id/eprint/2234/1/9786239796983.pdf
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Rasmia Agustine Rahmawanty, Halimah Azahrah, Yolanda Maharani, Aldi Misbahul Maad (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.