Telaah Kritis Terhadap Model Pengorganisasian Kurikulum: Teori, Praktik, Dan Implikasinya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/4vpk6r08Keywords:
Pengorganisasian kurikulum, Landasan teoretis, Model kurikulum, Implementasi kurikulum, Adaptasi PendidikanAbstract
Pengorganisasian kurikulum memegang peran krusial dalam menentukan efektivitas proses pembelajaran di berbagai jenjang pendidikan. Studi ini bertujuan mengkaji secara komprehensif teori-teori dasar yang menjadi pijakan pengembangan kurikulum, menyajikan tipologi model-model pengorganisasian kurikulum utama, serta menilai penerapan nyata di lapangan. Pendekatan ini menekankan pentingnya struktur kurikulum yang selaras dengan kebutuhan pembelajar dan tuntutan perkembangan zaman. Pada tinjauan teori, penelitian menelusuri paradigma konstruktivisme, behaviorisme, dan humanisme sebagai landasan konseptual utama. Selanjutnya, lima model kurikulum subjek akademik, terintegrasi, spiral, berbasis kompetensi, dan tematik dibahas dari segi karakteristik, kelebihan, dan tantangan. Analisis kritis mengungkap sinergi dan konflik antarparadigma dalam konteks implementasi kurikulum. Di bagian implementasi, studi ini mengeksplorasi dinamika adaptasi kurikulum pada konteks institusional dan kebutuhan peserta didik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan penerapan sangat dipengaruhi oleh kesiapan pendidik, dukungan kebijakan, dan keterlibatan pemangku kepentingan. Temuan ini diharapkan menjadi rujukan strategis bagi perancang kebijakan, praktisi, dan peneliti dalam menciptakan kurikulum yang responsif, adaptif, dan berkelanjutan.
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