Dinamika Ijtihad dalam Pengembangan Hukum Tata Negara Islam Kontomperer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/xz22nh50Keywords:
Ijtihad, Islamic Constitutional Law, Siyasah Dusturiyah, Legal Reform, Maqasid al.ShariahAbstract
Contemporary Islamic constitutional law faces increasingly urgent pressure amid the acceleration of social, economic, and technological change, particularly in Indonesia which has the world's largest Muslim population with 86.9% of a total of 270 million people based on the 2020 BPS census, a demographic reality that renders Islamic constitutional law renewal not merely an academic discourse but an urgent practical necessity. This study aims to examine the dynamics of ijtihad in the development of contemporary Islamic constitutional law by addressing three main questions, namely the position of ijtihad as an instrument of Islamic constitutional law renewal, the methods of ijtihad used in formulating such renewal, and the contribution of ijtihad in driving Islamic constitutional law reform on a sustained basis. This study employs a normative legal research method with a library-based approach built upon three philosophical foundations, namely ontological which views Islamic constitutional law as a living and evolving normative system, epistemological which integrates the ushul fiqh approach with siyasah dusturiyah, and axiological which is oriented toward the value of public benefit as the highest goal of legal renewal. The findings affirm that ijtihad holds a position as a vital instrument that is both structural and functional in nature with constitutional legitimacy through Pancasila and Article 29 of the 1945 Constitution, operating through three primary methods namely maslahah mursalah, qiyas, and the maqasid al-shariah approach synergistically where maqasid al-shariah proves most relevant as it can reach the entire spectrum of modern constitutional issues, and contributing multidimensionally through the normative dimension that dismantles the rigidity of taqlid, the integrative dimension that reconciles sharia with the modern constitution, and the transformative dimension that converts religious values into binding public policy, as evidenced by the enactment of sharia-based legislation such as the Marriage Law, Religious Court Law, and Islamic Banking Law, while simultaneously reconciling divine sovereignty with popular sovereignty within the framework of a modern, democratic, and just constitution.
References
Alamudi Ichwan Ahnaz. "Politik Hukum Pembentukan Legislasi Bidang Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia." Journal of Islamic and Law Studies, vol. 5, no. 1, 2021, hlm. 43-61.
Anwar, Syamsul. "Maqasid al-Shariah dan Relevansinya bagi Pengembangan Hukum Nasional." Jurnal al-Mawarid, vol. 22, 2014.
Bahri, S. "The Construction of Indonesian Political Fiqh: Maqasid Al-Shariah Perspective and Ahmad Ar-Raisuni's Thoughts." Justicia Islamica, vol. 17, no. 1, 2020, hlm. 35.
Budianto, K. "Kelembagaan Politik Islam: Konsep Konstitusi, Legislasi, Demokrasi, Ummah dan Syura." ResearchGate, 2017.
Fauzan, Ahmad. "Pola dan Urgensi Positivisasi Fatwa-Fatwa DSN-MUI tentang Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia." Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, vol. 13, no. 55, 2016.
Fauzan, H. dan Hadi Imawan, D. "Pemikiran Maqashid Syariah Al-Tahir Ibn Asyur." Al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum (JSYH), vol. 5, no. 1, 2023, hlm. 101-114.
Husein, Achmad dan Muhammad Fauzi. "Hukum Islam dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional Indonesia: Kajian Historis dan Sosiologis." Jurnal Studi Islam Indonesia (JSII), vol. 3, no. 2, 2025.
Imran, Hendrik, Kurniati, dan Ajub Ishak. "Perjumpaan Hukum Islam dan Hukum Progresif di Indonesia: Sebuah Telaah Konseptual." Jurnal Al Himayah, vol. 5, no. 1, 2021, hlm. 1-14.
Kahar, Asep Saepudin. "Peradilan Agama dan Positivisasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia." Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, vol. 17, no. 2, 2017.
Kamal, Ragil Muhammad dan Nor Hatimah. "Pembaruan Hukum Tata Negara Islam di Era Modern: Studi Kasus Penerapan dalam Negara-Negara Muslim." Lex Sharia Pacta Sunt Servanda: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Kebijakan, vol. 1, no. 2, 2024, hlm. 24-31.
Kamizi, Firdaus. "Konsep Kekuasaan dalam Siyasah Dusturiyah dan Relevansinya terhadap Prinsip Kedaulatan Rakyat di Indonesia." Jurnal El-Qonun, UIN Raden Fatah Palembang, 2025, hlm. 17-24.
Kelib, Abdullah. "Peran Hukum Islam dalam Pembentukan Hukum Nasional." Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, vol. 20, no. 4, 2013.
Khashogi, L. R. "Menakar Rekonstruksi Maqashid Syariah: Telaah Genealogis Pendekatan Sistem Jasser Auda." POLITEA: Jurnal Politik Islam, vol. 5, no. 1, 2022, hlm. 64-82.
Kosasih, A., Fauzan, F., dan Kusmidi, H. "Strengthening the Indonesian Bicameral Parliament: Siyasah Dusturiyah Perspective." Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam, vol. 9, no. 1, 2024, hlm. 335-358.
Kusharyati, I., Fauzi, A., dan Yulianto, A. H. "Epistemologi Ilmu Ushul Fiqh dan Relevansinya dalam Penetapan Hukum Syara." Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Hukum, 2025.
Maimun dan Dani Amran Hakim. "Siyasah Syar'iyyah and Its Application to Constitutional Issues in Indonesia." As-Siyasi: Jurnal Ilmu Politik dan Pemerintahan Islam, vol. 3, no. 1, 2023, hlm. 111-130.
Mudzakir. "Legislasi Hukum Islam dalam Perspektif Produk Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia: Integrasi antara Maqasid al-Shari'ah dengan Tujuan Legislasi." Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan, vol. 11, no. 1, 2011, hlm. 21-39.
Muliati, Iis. "Pandangan M. Natsir tentang Demokrasi: Kajian Pemikiran Politik Islam." Tingkap, vol. 11, no. 2, 2016, hlm. 129-139.
Nasir, Ridhwan. "Reaktualisasi Ijtihad dalam Hukum Islam Kontemporer." Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum, vol. 9, no. 1, 2019, hlm. 87-92.
Nopliardy. "Politik Hukum Islam Sumber Daya Air dalam Kebijakan Publik Ekosentris Berbasis Fiqh Siyasah Dusturiyah." Al-Adl: Jurnal Hukum, 2025.
Putra, A. A. dan Rahmi, N. "Otoritas Presiden dalam Menetapkan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang: Tinjauan Fiqh Siyasah Dusturiyyah dan Hukum Positif." JISRAH: Jurnal Integrasi Ilmu Syariah, vol. 2, no. 2, 2021, hlm. 69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31958/jisrah.v2i2.4340
Rahmadani, Y. "Revitalisasi Tata Negara Islam Kontemporer dalam Menghadapi Globalisasi." Lex Sharia Pacta Sunt Servanda: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Kebijakan, vol. 1, no. 2, 2024.
Rahmatullah, R. "Konseptualisasi dan Dinamika Ijtihad: Telaah atas Metodologi, Produk Hukum, dan Implikasinya terhadap Modernisasi Hukum Islam." Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, vol. 3, no. 1, 2025, hlm. 615-622. https://ojs.daarulhuda.or.id/index.php/Socius/article/view/2071
Rangkuti, Afifa. "Demokrasi dalam Pandangan Islam dan Barat." Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum, vol. 5, no. 2, 2018, hlm. 49-59.
Ridwan, M. "Ijtihad pada Era Kontemporer: Konteks Pemikiran Islam dalam Fiqh dan Maqashid al-Syariah." Jurnal Masohi, vol. 1, no. 2, 2020, hlm. 117-119.
Rosman, Edi. "Legislasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia: Sejarah dan Relevansi Praktis Pembaharuan Hukum Nasional." Al Hurriyah: Jurnal Hukum Islam, vol. 1, no. 1, 2016, hlm. 27-44.
Sinaga, Ali Imran. "Fiqh Siyasah: Tinjauan tentang Pemikiran Politik Hukum Tata Negara Islam." Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam UIN Malang, 2020. https://urj.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/mij/article/download/15079/4845/
Soeparmono, Abdurahman R., dan Kurniati. "Perkembangan Hukum Islam Sejak Masa Kerajaan Islam di Indonesia Hingga Era Reformasi." Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam, vol. 4, no. 2, 2022, hlm. 84-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47435/al-ahkam.v4i2.1076
Sukmana, Rifky Adji, Kurniati, dan Lomba Sultan. "Paradigma dalam Penegakan Hukum Berdasarkan Teori Kebenaran Perspektif Filsafat Hukum Islam." Jurnal Ilmiah Falsafah: Jurnal Kajian Filsafat, Teologi dan Humaniora, vol. 8, no. 2, 2023, hlm. 17-32.
Sulthon, Muhammad. "Integration of Islamic Sharia in National Legal System." Jurnal Ilmiah Mizani: Wacana Hukum, Ekonomi dan Keagamaan, 2024.
Syarif, Nurrohman. "Ijtihad Jama'i sebagai Solusi Problematika Hukum Islam Kontemporer." Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum, vol. 54, no. 2, 2020, hlm. 159-162.
Tohari, Ilham dan Moh. Anas Kholish. "Maqasid Syariah sebagai Pijakan Konseptual dalam Pembaruan Hukum Keluarga Islam Indonesia." Arena Hukum, vol. 13, no. 2, 2020, hlm. 314-328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.arenahukum.2020.01302.7
Waid, A. dan Lestari, N. "Teori Maqashid al-Syari'ah Kontemporer dalam Hukum Islam dan Relevansinya dengan Pembangunan Ekonomi Nasional." LABATILA: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Islam, vol. 4, no. 2, 2020, hlm. 200.
Yunus, Nur Rohim. "Integrasi Hukum Islam ke Dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional." Jurnal Ilmiah Mizani: Wacana Hukum, Ekonomi dan Keagamaan, vol. 5, no. 2, 2018.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Andi Muhammad Ridwan Baso Bella, Ahmad Zulkarnaen, Muhammad Naufal Wijaya, Kurniati Kurniati (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
