Al-Qur’an Sebagai Wahyu Allah, Nuzulul Qur’an, dan Kodifikasi Al-Qur’an

Abstract

This article is entitled "The Al-Qur'an as Allah's Revelation, Nuzulul Qur'an, and the Codification of the Al-Qur'an," compiled to fulfill the assignment for the Al-Qur'an and Hadith Studies course. This research is motivated by the importance of a comprehensive understanding of the nature of the Al-Qur'an, the process of its revelation, and the history of its preservation to address various doubts regarding the authenticity of the holy book of Muslims. The purpose of this paper is to explain the definition and essence of the Al-Qur'an as Allah's revelation, outline the process of Nuzulul Qur'an along with its wisdom, describe the history of the codification (jam‘ul Qur’an) from the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, Abu Bakar Ash-Shiddiq, to Utsman bin Affan, and analyze the interrelatedness of these three aspects within a cohesive line of thought. The method used is library research by examining verses of the Al-Qur'an, hadiths, and classical as well as contemporary ulumul Qur'an literature, presented in a descriptive-analytical manner. The discussion results indicate that the Al-Qur'an is purely the speech of Allah revealed to the Prophet Muhammad SAW through the angel Gabriel, descended gradually in three main phases with profound wisdom, and preserved through a multi-layered system—via memorization in the heart, writing by the revelation scribes, compilation during the era of Abu Bakar, and the standardization of the mushaf during the era of Utsman bin Affan. These three main topics form an inseparable series, where revelation serves as the foundation of authority, Nuzulul Qur'an explains the process of its delivery, and codification represents the tangible form of Allah SWT's protection over the authenticity of the Al-Qur'an until the Day of Judgment.