Desain Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mekanis Sepeda Menggunakan Generator DC dengan Monitoring Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/arjvj610Keywords:
pembangkit listrik, generator DC, internet of things, ESP32, sistem monitoringAbstract
Penelitian ini merancang dan membangun sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga mekanis berbasis sepeda menggunakan generator DC yang terintegrasi dengan sistem monitoring berbasis Internet of Things (IoT). Sistem terdiri atas generator DC, buck converter, baterai 12 V 5 Ah, mikrokontroler ESP32, sensor INA219, sensor hall effect, sensor tegangan, LCD, dan Telegram. Energi listrik yang dihasilkan digunakan untuk mengisi baterai maupun mengoperasikan beban listrik berupa pompa DC. Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik keluaran generator saat proses pengisian baterai, akurasi sensor, kestabilan buck converter, serta kinerja sistem monitoring dalam menampilkan, mengirimkan, dan menyimpan data. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan rata-rata kesalahan pengukuran sensor INA219, sensor hall effect, dan sensor tegangan masing-masing sebesar 0,54%, 0,86%, dan 0,63%. Buck converter menghasilkan tegangan keluaran stabil sebesar 5,05 V pada variasi tegangan masukan 7,44–13,92 V. Daya keluaran generator meningkat dari 2,52 W pada 250 RPM menjadi 12,52 W pada 650 RPM. Sistem monitoring mampu menampilkan dan mengirimkan data secara real-time melalui LCD dan Telegram serta menyimpan data pada Google Spreadsheet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem mampu mengonversi energi mekanis kayuhan sepeda menjadi energi listrik dan memantaunya secara terintegrasi.
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