Bahasa Kebencian di Ruang Digital: Analisis Appraisal pada Komentar YouTube Talk Show Politik Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/ebj2wh27Keywords:
Hate speech, Appraisal Theory, YouTube comments, linguistic analysisAbstract
Penelitian ini menganalisis ujaran kebencian dalam kolom komentar YouTube pada talk show CNN Indonesia berjudul “Ijazah Digugat, Legitimasi Diragukan, Jalan Baru Pemakzulan Gibran?” dengan menggunakan Teori Appraisal (Martin & White, 2005). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk bahasa evaluatif yang digunakan untuk membangun dan memperkuat ujaran kebencian di ruang publik digital Indonesia. Pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif diterapkan terhadap 150 komentar yang dipilih secara purposif berdasarkan kandungan evaluatif dan agresivitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ujaran kebencian direalisasikan melalui dominasi negative judgement (62%), contractive engagement (74%), dan upscaled graduation (68%). Kombinasi ketiganya menghasilkan wacana kepastian moral, superioritas ideologis, dan intensifikasi emosi yang memperkuat polarisasi sosial. Pelabelan kolektif seperti istilah “termul” berfungsi sebagai simbol dehumanisasi yang memperkuat identitas kelompok dan menyingkirkan pandangan berbeda. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa ujaran kebencian bukan sekadar ekspresi emosi, tetapi praktik linguistik yang sistematis dan performatif. Implikasinya, literasi media dan moderasi berbasis analisis linguistik diperlukan untuk mendeteksi serta mengurangi eskalasi ujaran kebencian dalam wacana digital Indonesia.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Achmad Fanani, Trikaloka Handayani Putri, Nailul Fauziyah (Author)
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