Kebijakan Keamanan Digital Amerika Serikat Era Kepemimpinan Joe Biden (Studi Kasus Pemblokiran Aplikasi Tiktok)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63822/scx5hv45Keywords:
Keamanan Digital, Pemblokiran TikTok, Joe Biden, Proses Sekuritisasi, Amerika SerikatAbstract
Perkembangan platform digital global telah menghadirkan tantangan baru bagi keamanan nasional negara,khususnya terkait perlindungan data, kedaulatan digital, dan potensi pengaruh asing. Dalam konteks ini, TikTok menjadi perhatian serius pemerintah Amerika Serikat karena kepemilikan perusahaan induknya yang berbasis di Tiongkok. Pada era kepemimpinan Presiden Joe Biden, isu TikTok mengalami pergeseran dari persoalan teknologi dan ekonomi digital menjadi isu keamanan nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengaanalisis bagaimana proses sekuritisasi dalam kebijakan keamanan digital mendorong pemblokiran aplikasi TikTok di Amerika Serikat. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sekuritisasi dari Copenhagen School untuk menjelaskan bagaimana TikTok dikonstruksikan sebagai ancaman keamanan melalui tindakan ujaran, penerimaan audiens, dan penerapan tindakan luar biasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah Amerika Serikat berhasil melakukan sekuritisasi terhadap TikTok, yang tercermin dalam penerbitan Executive Order, pengesahan No TikTok on Government Devices Act, serta Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act. Kebijakan-kebijakan tersebut menandai legitimasi negara dalam menerapkan pembatasan dan intervensi hukum terhadap platform digital asing, sekaligus mencerminkan transformasi kebijakan keamanan digital Amerika Serikat dalam menghadapi dinamika geopolitik dan keamanan siber global.
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