Implementasi Eksperimen Sains Sederhana dalam Mengembangkan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini

Abstract

Cognitive ability is one of the developmental aspects that is essential to optimize from an early age, since this period represents a golden age that shapes the quality of development at later life stages. One learning approach considered suitable for the characteristics of young children is the simple science experiment, an activity that uses safe and readily available materials. This article aims to conceptually examine how the implementation of simple science experiments can develop the cognitive abilities of young children. The method used is a library research approach, analyzing and synthesizing relevant scholarly articles, both theoretical and empirical. The findings indicate that simple science experiments, such as the self-inflating balloon experiment, the floating-sinking egg experiment, soap bubbles, and color mixing, provide concrete learning experiences that align with Piaget's preoperational stage of cognitive development. Such activities have been shown to foster children's understanding of cause-and-effect relationships, classification skills, simple problem solving, curiosity, and observational ability. The success of implementation is influenced by teacher creativity, the availability of tools and materials, and a supportive learning environment. This study recommends that early childhood educators design simple science experiment activities in a structured and sustainable manner as part of a cognitive development strategy.