Faktor - Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Behavioral Intention pada Fitur Toilet Tracking Aplikasi Mobile Transjakarta

Authors

  • Naura Artanti Shafwan Wibowo Universitas Negeri Jakarta Author
  • Osly Usman Universitas Negeri Jakarta Author
  • Ryna Parlyna Universitas Negeri Jakarta Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63822/46awyv41

Keywords:

Behavioral Intention; Technology Acceptance Model (TAM); Personal Innovativeness; Self-Efficacy; System Quality; Toilet Locator; Transjakarta App.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing users' behavioral intention toward the Toilet Tracking feature on the Transjakarta mobile application to enhance user comfort and experience. The study extends the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by incorporating Personal Innovativeness, Self-Efficacy, and System Quality as independent variables, alongside Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and Perceived Enjoyment as mediating variables influencing Behavioral Intention. A quantitative approach was employed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analyzed via SmartPLS 4.0 software. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 189 Transjakarta application user respondents. The findings demonstrate that Personal Innovativeness positively affects Perceived Usefulness, Self-Efficacy positively affects Perceived Ease of Use, and System Quality positively affects Perceived Enjoyment. Furthermore, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and Perceived Enjoyment significantly and positively influence Behavioral Intention, while also mediating the relationships between the independent variables and behavioral intention. These results indicate that enhancing system quality, perceived usefulness, ease of use, and enjoyable experiences increases users' intention to utilize the Toilet Tracking feature. This study provides valuable considerations for PT Transportasi Jakarta in developing innovative digital features.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agarwal, R., & Prasad, J. (1998). A conceptual and operational definition of personal innovativeness in the domain of information technology. Information Systems Research, 9(2), 204–215. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.9.2.204

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T

Al-Maroof, R. A. S., Salloum, S. A., AlHamad, A. Q. M., & Shaalan, K. (2023). Factors affecting users’ adoption of smart government applications in the UAE: Extending the TAM with trust and perceived cyber risk. Government Information Quarterly, 40(1), 101751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2022.101751

Al-Qadri, A. H., Mouas, S., Saraa, N., & Boudouaia, A. (2024). Measuring academic self-efficacy and learning outcomes: The mediating role of university English students’ academic commitment. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 9(35). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-024-00253-5

Al-Adwan, A. S., Al-Madadha, A., & Al-Okaily, M. (2023). Extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to predict university students’ intentions to use metaverse-based learning platforms. Education and Information Technologies, 28(10), 10945–10967. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11889-2

Andayani, S., & Ono, R. S. (2020). Analisis Kesiapan Penerimaan Pengguna Terhadap E-Learning Memanfaatkan Model TRAM. JuSiTik: Jurnal Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi Komunikasi, 3(2), 32-39. https://doi.org/10.32524/jusitik.v3i2.498

Aditya, I Made Fery., I Made Pande Dwiana Putra. (2021). Persepsi Manfaat, Persepsi Kemudahan, Norma Subjektif, Kualitas Informasi dan Minat Pemanfaatan: Studi pada Pengguna E-commerce. Jurnal Akuntansi, 31(5), 1318–1330.

Ambarwati, R., Hariadi, R., & Kurniawan, Y. (2024). Assessing system quality and change management impact on behavioral intention: Evidence from PLS-SEM analysis. The Winners: Journal of Management and Business, 25(2), 87–102

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, NY: W.H. Freeman.

Basileo, L. D., Otto, B., Lyons, M., Vannini, N., & Toth, M. D. (2024). Peran efikasi diri, motivasi, dan dukungan terhadap kebutuhan psikologis dasar siswa dalam pencapaian akademik. Frontiers in Education, 9, 1385442. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1385442

Battour, M., Noviyani, N. A., Ratnasari, R. T., Aboelmaged, M., & Eid, R. (2022). The Impact of HDA, Experience Quality, and Satisfaction on Behavioral Intention: Empirical Evidence from West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Sustainability, 14(8), 4674. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14084674

Billman, A., Budi, S., Daniel, H., & Bahri, B. (2024). Analysis Pengaruh Fun, Enjoyment, Service Quality dan Quality System Factors of e-Learning System terhadap Student Satisfaction and Student Loyalty Setelah Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Teknologi, Industri, dan Rekayasa (JTIR), 4(12), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.53091/jtir.v4i12.58

Blanca, B. (2019). Pengaruh Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Enjoyment terhadap Behavioral Intention to Use melalui Consumer Attitude pada Mobile Banking Bank Mandiri/Beata Blanca/26150260/Pembimbing: Dergibson Siagian.

Chen, T. (2022). Path analysis of the roles of age, self-efficacy, and Technology Acceptance Model in the use of educational technology. Computers & Education, 180, 104450.

Chen, X. (2025). Impact of perceived ease of use and self-efficacy on technology adoption: Evidence from AI-supported learning environments. Acta Psychologica, 105516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105516

Chen, L., Wu, B., Liu, Z., Hu, J., Chen, X., & Zhang, Y. (2025). Integrating TAM–ISSM–SOR framework to explore how virtual tourism experience influences tourists’ travel intention. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 1–16.https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-24793-z

Daragmeh, A., Lentner, C., & Sági, J. (2021). FinTech payments in the era of COVID-19: Factors influencing behavioral intentions of “Generation X” in Hungary to use mobile payment. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 32, 100574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2021.100574

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008

Darmayanti, N., Anggraini, D., Winata, A., & Mardianto, Y. (2021). Confirmatory factor analysis of the academic self-efficacy scale: An Indonesian version. Jurnal Psikologi dan Pendidikan Islam, 10(2), 123–137. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2003.11045748

Donmez-Turan, A., & Zehir, C. (2021). Personal innovativeness and perceived system quality for information system success: The role of diffusability of innovation. Tehnički Vjesnik / Technical Gazette, 28(5), 1717-1726. https://doi.org/10.17559/TV-20200415165146

Esawe, A. T. (2022). Understanding mobile e-wallet consumers’ intentions and user behavior. Spanish Journal of Marketing - ESIC, 26(3), 363–384. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-05- 2022-0105

Featherman, M. S., & Pavlou, P. A. (2003). Predicting e-services adoption: A perceived risk facets perspective. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 59(4), 451–474. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00111-3

Fitri, N., Rahim, F. A., & Hassan, N. S. (2024). Extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to Predict University Students’ Intentions to Use Metaverse-Based Learning Platforms. Education and Information Technologies, 29(4), 1523–1545. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11985-9

Feryanto, A., & Octaviani, R. (2024). Pengaruh perceived ease of use dan perceived enjoyment terhadap behavioral intention pada e-learning. Jurnal Equilibrium, 9(2), 45–59. https://jurnal.upb.ac.id/index.php/equalibrium/article/view/510

Gianto, K. C. (2021). Pengaruh Perceived Enjoyment terhadap Continuous Use Intention dan Purchase Intention for Virtual Goods pada Game PUBG Mobile di Kalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Kristen Petra. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan, 5(2), 101–112. Fakultas Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Kristen Petra.

Gupta, M., & Bhatt, K. (2021). A multidimensional measure of system quality – An empirical study in context of mobile banking apps in India. International Journal of Business Information Systems, 38(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIS.2021.118636

Gultom, D. G., Turnip, K., & Siregar, N. S. (2022). Pengaruh Computer Self-Efficacy, Perceived Usefulness dan Perceived Ease of Use terhadap Pemanfaatan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Rumah Sakit (SIMRS) oleh Perawat. Universitas Medan Area. https://repositori.uma.ac.id/handle/123456789/15995

Ginting, E. R. B. B. (2025). Perceived ease of use dan perceived enjoyment terhadap behavioral intention pemanfaatan aplikasi digital. JIIC Nusantara, 12(1), 22–37. https://jicnusantara.com/index.php/jiic/article/view/4448

Hansel, B. (2021). Pengaruh Perceived Enjoyment terhadap Repurchase Intention melalui Shopping Orientation untuk Seller yang membuka Lapak pada aplikasi Tokopedia di Surabaya. AGORA, 9(2).

Jefferson, T. C. E. (2023). Personal Innovativeness, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and Trust as Determinants of Mobile Payment Utilization. Review of Management & Entrepreneurship, 7(2), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.37715/rme.v7i2.4157

Jasin, M. (2022). The effect of perceived ease of use on behavior intention through perceived enjoyment as an intervening variable on digital payment in the digital era. Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management Research, 3(5), 127-133. https://doi.org/10.7777/jiemar.v3i5.414

Khan, S. K. (2024). The impact of perceived cyber-risks on automated vehicle adoption. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 104, 232–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2024.05.009

Khudori, K., Rahmawati, E., & Pratiwi, A. (2024). Ease of Use (Perceived Ease of Use) dalam Implementasi Teknologi Informasi pada Organisasi. JESICA: Journal of Enhanced Studies in Informatics and Computer Applications, 2(1), 12–20. Institut Teknologi Kesehatan Soepraoen Malang. https://jesica.itsk-soepraoen.ac.id/index.php/jesica/article/download/3/2

Kitazawa, R. (2024). Why do consumers adopt access-based services? Quarterly Journal of Marketing, 44(2), 167–173. https://doi.org/10.7222/marketing.2024.045

Kim, J., Kim, M., & Lee, J. (2021). The effect of experience quality, perceived value, happiness, and tourist satisfaction on behavioral intention. Sustainability, 13(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020521

Koswara, T. M. (2022). Pengaruh Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Trust, Mobility, Customization, Customer Involvement terhadap Behavioral Intention pada E-Commerce di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Riviera Publishing JMI, 1(4). Retrieved from https://jmi.rivierapublishing.id/index.php/rp/article/view/127/268

Kholilah, K., Kawulur, H. R., & Subekti, I. (2022). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Facilitating Condition, Social Influence, and Personal Innovativeness of Accounting Students’ Cloud Computing Adoption. Organum: Jurnal Saintifik Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 5(2), 141–151. https://doi.org/10.35138/organum.v5i2.257.

Mawaddah, F., Murazanty, T. A., Mukerdi, R., Fitri, R., Ashari, F. N., Saputra, I., Zaeri, A., & Septiawan, A. (2024). Urban students self-efficacy profile on mathematics learning: Instrument validation and evaluation. Mathematics Research and Education Journal, 8(2), 53–64.

Mulia, N. T., & Adlina, H. (2023). The effect of perceived trust and perceived enjoyment on repurchase intention (Study on Tokopedia users in Medan City). Jurnal Manajemen, 9(2), 123–134

Mawardi, R., & Hidayat, F. (2023). Pengaruh perceived ease of use dan perceived enjoyment terhadap behavioral intention dengan trust sebagai variabel mediasi pada pengguna e-wallet Dana (studi kasus pada generasi Z di Kota Lhokseumawe). Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Indonesia, 12(2), 115–128.

Nurqamarani, A. S., Fadilla, S., & Juliana, A. (2024). Revolutionizing Payment Systems: The Integration of TRAM and Trust in QRIS Adoption for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Business Intelligence, 10(3), 314–327. https://doi.org/10.20473/jisebi.10.3.314-327

Nguyen, S. H. (2025). Leveraging Virtual Reality Experiences to Shape Tourists’ Behavioral Intentions: The Mediating Roles of Enjoyment and Immersion. Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens, 6(2), 24.

Nikmatuniayah., Yudhaningsih, R., Handayani, J., Anugrahwati, L. M., & Andrini, N. I. (2025). Readiness model of micro, small, and medium enterprises in the creative industry to adopt information technology. Jurnal Bisnis Mahasiswa, 5(4).

Oematan, M. E., Rahayu, S., & Dyah, J. (2024). The effect of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on behavioral intention mediated by user satisfaction in e‑commerce users. Jurnal Ekonomi (SEANI), 11(1), 33‑48. https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi/article/view/4914

Octavika, A. M. (2020). The influence of perceived usefulness, ease of use, behavioral control, security and trust towards the behavioral intention to use Go-Pay (a case study on accounting students in Universitas Brawijaya). JIMFEB: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 8(2). JIMFEB UB. https://jimfeb.ub.ac.id/index.php/jimfeb/article/view/6773/5863

Pradipta, K. W., Desi, Y. P., & Khuntari, D. (2024). Pengaruh kualitas sistem dan kualitas informasi aplikasi Jogja Smart Services (JSS) terhadap kepuasan pengguna pada masyarakat Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Informasi dan Komunikasi, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.56873/jimik.v8i1.333

Pratiwi, R. T., Purwanto, S. K., & Nurhasanah, N. (2023). Impact of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and consumer trust on behavioral intention. PENANOMICS: International Journal of Economics, 2(3), 112‑125. https://penajournal.com/index.php/PENANOMICS/article/view/152

Pradipta, I. G. A., Putra, I. G. B. N., & Yasa, N. N. K. (2024). Pengaruh Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, dan Attitude Toward Using terhadap Behavioral Intention to Use pada Aplikasi OVO. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 13(1), 45–56.

Pham, L. (2025). Personal innovativeness and perceived usefulness in AI-based voice assistants: An empirical analysis. Acta Psychologica, [Volume], 105516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105516

Putri, A. D., & Santoso, H. (2020). Pengaruh Perceived Ease of Use dan Perceived Usefulness terhadap Intention to Use Aplikasi M-Tix di Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen (JIM), 8(3), 512–522.

Putri, P. D. S., & Latrini, N. M. Y. (2024). Pengaruh persepsi kegunaan, persepsi kemudahan dan kepercayaan terhadap minat pemanfaatan dompet elektronik (OVO) sebagai media transaksi keuangan. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan (JIWP), 10(20), 656–667

Qussini, S., Abdul-Rahim, H. F., Saeed, S., & El-Hennawi, R. A. (2024). An assessment of clinical research self-efficacy among researchers at the largest healthcare institute in Qatar: Recommendations and future actions. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 19(3), 276–290. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/23821205241233425?utm_source=chatgpt.com

Qolbi, A., Sukmana, R., Ratnasari, R. T., & Sekarsari, N. (2024). The role of personal innovativeness on behavioral intention waqf online: Extension of Technology Acceptance Model. Jurnal Ekonomika dan Bisnis Islam, 7(1), 1–17.

Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York, NY: Free Press.

Rahim, H. L., & Aslam, A. (2024). Exploring the impact of device system quality on mobile shopping adoption among university students: Symmetrical and asymmetrical approaches. SAGE Open, 14(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241248325

Rahmawati, N., & Arisanty, D. (2023). Pengaruh Perceived Usefulness dan Perceived Ease of Use terhadap Behavioral Intention E-Wallet DANA di Kota Semarang melalui Trust sebagai Mediasi. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Manajemen & Bisnis, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro (UDINUS), 1–12.

Rahayu, A., & Prayoga, A. (2023). Analisis Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) dalam Pemanfaatan E-Commerce. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Komputer, 3(2), 45–56.

Ratnawati, A., & Farid, M. (2019). Pengaruh perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, dan satisfaction terhadap continued IT usage intention: Expected-confirmation model (ECM). Maksipreneur: Jurnal Manajemen, Koperasi, dan Entrepreneurship, 9(2), 179–200.

Roki, S. J, IB Nyoman, Putri Dwi C (2021) Pengaruh Social Influence dan Personal Innovativeness terhadap Perceived Usefulness melalui Behavioral Intention Pengguna Traveloka. Buletin Ekonomi

Sinurat, E. M., & Sugiyanto, L. B. (2022). Pengaruh Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use dan Promosi Penjualan melalui Mediasi Attitude Toward Using dan Perceived Security terhadap Behavioral Intention to Use (Studi Empiris: Pengguna Mobile Wallet di Jakarta). Business Management Journal, 18(1). Retrieved from https://journal.ubm.ac.id/index.php/business-management/article/view/2820/1812 UBM Journal.

Sulaymani, O., & colleagues. (2022). Student acceptance of e-learning systems: The role of self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, and age groups. Education and Information Technologies, 27, 3451–3470.

Suryawirawan, O. A. (2021). The effect of college students’ technology acceptance on e-commerce adoption. BISMA (Bisnis dan Manajemen), 14(1), 46–62. https://doi.org/10.26740/bisma.v14n1.p46-62

Setyawati, Rena E. (2020) "Pengaruh Perceived Usefullness, Perceived Ease Of Use terhadap Behavioral Intention To Use dengan Atittude Towards Using sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Kasus pada Gopay Dikota YOGYAKARTA)." Jurnal Ekobis Dewantara, vol. 3, no. 1, 2020, pp. 39-51.

Soetanto, T. V., Proboyo, A., & Putri, P. A. (2021). The indirect effect of computer self-efficacy of e-commerce users on intention to use. PETRA International Journal of Business Studies, 4(2), 134–143.

Sjahruddin, H., Halim, A., Ramli, V. S. O., Suan, G. A., Manek, L. U., & Irvine, T. (2025). Apakah perceived enjoyment mediator dalam menguji efek perceived ease of use terhadap behavioral intention? Bussman Journal: Indonesian Journal of Business and Management, 5(1), 145–166. https://doi.org/10.53363/buss.v5i1.345

To, A. T., & Trinh, T. H. M. (2021). Understanding behavioral intention to use mobile wallets in vietnam: Extending the tam model with trust and enjoyment. Cogent Business and Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1891661

Umaningsih, W. P. (2020). Pengaruh Persepsi Kemudahan, Fitur Layanan Dan Keamanan Terhadap Niat Memanfaatkan E-Money. Jae (Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Ekonomi), 5(3), 113–119.

Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a research agenda on interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x

Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F. D. (2000). A theoretical extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management Science, 46(2), 186–204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926

Van der Walt, F., Nkoyi, A., & Thithi, M. (2024). The influence of selected factors on perceived enjoyment of the online learning experience: lessons for post‑COVID‑19 classrooms. Frontiers in Education, 9, Article 1274126. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1274126

Waddington, J. (2023). Teacher self-efficacy and professional learning in ELT: Current perspectives and future directions. ELT Journal, 77(2), 237–246. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccad009

Widodo, B., & Pratiwi, S. (2022). Persepsi Manfaat, Kemudahan, dan Risiko dalam Pemanfaatan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi. Neraca: Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 8(2), 101–112.

Wirani, Y., Randi, R., Romadhon, M. S., & Suhendi, S. (2022). The influence of familiarity and personal innovativeness on the acceptance of fintech lending services: A perspective from Indonesian borrowers. Register: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Sistem Informasi, 8(2), 300–311.

Winangsih, T., Ramdhani, A., & Avrianto, A. (2025). Pengaruh perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment dan attitude toward using terhadap behavioral intention to use fitur personal color Wardah pada konsumen Generasi Z. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 9(3), 1778-1799. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v9i3.6440

Wulandari, A., & Nurhayati, H. (2023). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, dan user acceptance of information technology. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 25(2), 90–101. https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/jeba/article/download/11582/5137

Yoon, C. (2020). An empirical investigation of personal innovativeness and technology adoption in online services. Cogent Psychology, 7(1), 1792259. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1792259

Yusuf, M., Putra, A., & Rahayu, S. (2024). The influence of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk on behavioral intention for QRIS in Padang. JKMP – Jurnal Keuangan, Manajemen, dan Perbankan, 12(2), 45‑59. https://jkmp.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/mms/article/view/500

Zheng, Q., Li, C., & Bai, S. (2022). Evaluating the couriers’ experiences of logistics platform: The extension of expectation confirmation model and technology acceptance model. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 998482. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.998482

Published

2026-08-06

How to Cite

Wibowo, N. A. S., Usman, O., & Parlyna, R. . (2026). Faktor - Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Behavioral Intention pada Fitur Toilet Tracking Aplikasi Mobile Transjakarta. Ekopedia: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, 2(3), 6528-6547. https://doi.org/10.63822/46awyv41