Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Fisik, Lingkungan Kerja Non Fisik, dan Kepemimpinan Situasional Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada PT Azuki Sinergi Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of physical work environment, non-physical work environment, and situational leadership on employee performance, as well as to examine the moderating role of work motivation at PT Azuki Sinergi Indonesia. The study used a quantitative explanatory approach with a survey method involving 80 production employees. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0. The measurement model was evaluated through convergent validity, discriminant validity, Cronbach's Alpha, and Composite Reliability, while the structural model was evaluated through R-Square and bootstrapping. The results show that the physical work environment does not have a significant effect on employee performance, with a path coefficient of -0.155, t-statistic 0.930, and p-value 0.353. The non-physical work environment also does not have a significant direct effect, with a coefficient of 0.280, t-statistic 0.966, and p-value 0.334. Situational leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, with a coefficient of 0.637, t-statistic 2.387, and p-value 0.017. Work motivation does not significantly moderate the physical work environment-performance relationship, but significantly strengthens the non-physical work environment-performance relationship and significantly weakens the situational leadership-performance relationship. The findings indicate that adaptive leadership is the most important direct predictor of employee performance in the research context.